Del Somocismo al Sandinismo: La Guerra Fría y la Lucha por el Poder en Nicaragua

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Abstract

The document analyzes Nicaragua’s transition from the Somoza dictatorship to the Sandinista revolution within the context of the Cold War. It explains how the Somoza regime, sustained for decades by the United States, generated inequality, authoritarianism, and repression, which spurred the emergence of the FSLN (Sandinista National Liberation Front) and the popular insurrection that culminated in 1979. Through Susan Meiselas’s photographs (including Molotov Man, Final Offensive, and the Pictures from a Revolution series), the importance of visual records is highlighted to understand both the revolutionary struggle and its long-term social and urban consequences. Likewise, the documentary Destination Nicaragua depicts the conflictive 1980s, marked by the war between Sandinistas and Contras, U.S. intervention, and the direct impact on the civilian population. The text concludes that these documents allow for understanding Nicaragua’s historical complexity and the weight of global ideological tensions.

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